Introduction
The World Trade Centre (WTC) is a complex of buildings in Lower Manhattan, New York City. It is best known for the horrific terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 that caused its two main towers, the Twin Towers, to collapse. The site has since been rebuilt and now stands as a memorial to those who lost their lives in the attacks. This article will explore the history, architecture, and impact of the World Trade Centre.
History of the World Trade Centre
The idea for the World Trade Centre was first proposed in 1946 by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. A site was chosen on the lower tip of Manhattan and construction began in 1966. In December 1970, the North Tower was opened while the South Tower opened in late 1971. The two towers, which stood 1,368 and 1,362 feet tall respectively, were the tallest buildings in the world at the time.
On the morning of September 11, 2001, two hijacked planes crashed into the Twin Towers. Both towers collapsed within two hours, with the South Tower falling first. In total, 2,753 people were killed in the attacks, including 343 firefighters and 23 police officers. Following the attacks, the site was cleared and the foundations of one of the towers was used as the foundation for the new One World Trade Centre building, which opened in 2014.
The Architecture of the World Trade Centre
The design of the Twin Towers was created by architect Minoru Yamasaki. He wanted to create a building that was both strong and beautiful, so he chose a modernist style combined with traditional Islamic architecture. The towers were made up of steel columns surrounded by a lattice of metal and concrete, giving them a distinctive look.
The Memorial Plaza surrounding the site is also designed to be a place of reflection and remembrance. It features two large reflecting pools, each one the size of an acre, that are filled with water from the Hudson River. Around the pools are bronze panels inscribed with the names of all those who died in the attacks.
Visiting the World Trade Centre
Visitors wishing to visit the World Trade Centre can take either a guided tour or a self-guided audio tour. The guided tours are conducted by trained guides and last around two hours. For those who prefer to go it alone, the audio tours provide a comprehensive exploration of the site and include information about the history and architecture of the World Trade Centre.
All visitors to the site must pass through airport-style security before entering the Memorial Plaza. All bags and personal items are thoroughly checked and visitors may be asked to show photo identification. Only small backpacks and handbags are allowed and all other items must be left at the entrance.
Events and Memorials at the World Trade Centre
The 9/11 Memorial is located at the site and consists of two large reflecting pools surrounded by bronze panels inscribed with the names of all those who died on September 11. The memorial is open to the public and is free to visit. Every year, on the anniversary of the attacks, a solemn ceremony is held at the memorial to remember those who lost their lives.
The Tribute in Light is an annual event held on the evening of the September 11 anniversary. Two beams of light are projected into the sky from the exact spot where the Twin Towers once stood. The lights are visible for miles and serve as a powerful reminder of the tragedy that occurred.
The World Trade Centre also hosts many other events throughout the year, such as concerts, art exhibitions, and educational programs.
The Impact of the World Trade Centre on the Local Community
The attacks of September 11 had a devastating impact on the local community. Many people lost their lives, and those that survived were left with physical and psychological scars. Thousands of people were left without jobs, and businesses that relied on the Twin Towers for trade were forced to close.
The economic impact was also severe. According to a study by the Rand Corporation, the immediate economic losses from the attacks totalled $83 billion. This included the cost of rebuilding the site, paying for medical care for survivors, and providing compensation for victims’ families.
The Economic Impact of the World Trade Centre
Despite the immediate economic losses, the long-term economic impact of the World Trade Centre has been positive. The site has become a hub for business and culture, attracting tourists, investors, and companies from all over the world. The area has seen a resurgence in property prices and employment levels have risen significantly.
According to a report by the New York Building Congress, the World Trade Centre site has generated $40 billion in economic activity since 2002. This includes the construction of new buildings, increased investment in the area, and a rise in tourism.
Future Plans for the World Trade Centre
The rebuilding process at the World Trade Centre is ongoing. The new One World Trade Centre building is now complete, and there are plans to build four more office towers. The site will also feature a shopping mall, a museum, and a performing arts centre.
In addition, the city of New York has invested millions of dollars in infrastructure projects to improve the area. These include improvements to the transportation system, such as the extension of the 7 subway line to the site, as well as the construction of a pedestrian bridge.
Conclusion
The World Trade Centre is an iconic symbol of hope and resilience. Its history and architecture are a testament to the strength and courage of those who lost their lives in the attacks. The site is now a thriving business hub and a popular tourist destination. As the rebuilding process continues, the legacy of the World Trade Centre will continue to live on.
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