Introduction
Adenoids are small structures located at the back of the nose and throat, and they are part of the lymphatic system. While they are small, adenoids play an important role in the body’s immune system, helping to protect against infection. However, they can sometimes become enlarged and cause issues with breathing, speaking and swallowing.
Adenoid Role in Respiratory Health
The adenoids are made up of tissue that produces antibodies which help fight infections. According to a study conducted by the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, “Adenoids act as a first line of defense against inhaled viruses and bacteria and contain specialized cells that produce antibodies to help fight off infection.”
Adenoids also help filter air that is breathed in, trapping particles like dust, pollen and other allergens before they enter the lungs. This helps to prevent respiratory illnesses like asthma, bronchitis and pneumonia.
When adenoids become enlarged, they can cause a number of different issues. Common symptoms include difficulty breathing through the nose, snoring, frequent sinus infections, earaches or hearing loss.
Diagnosing Adenoid Problems
If you have any of the above symptoms, it’s important to seek medical attention. Your doctor will likely suggest imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans or MRIs to get a better look at your adenoids and assess their size.
Your doctor may also use a nasopharyngoscopy, which is a procedure in which a tiny camera is inserted into the nose to get a closer look at the adenoids. This test can help diagnose any underlying issues with the adenoids such as infection or inflammation.
Treating Adenoid Issues
If your adenoids are causing issues, there are a few treatment options available. Medication such as antibiotics or antihistamines may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and swelling. Nasal sprays or decongestants may be used to help open the nasal passages and make breathing easier.
In some cases, surgery may be recommended to remove the adenoids. This is usually done if the adenoids become chronically enlarged and are causing persistent breathing and sleeping problems. The surgery is typically done under general anesthesia and can take up to two hours.
Conclusion
Adenoids are small but important structures located in the back of the nose and throat. They help to protect the body from infection and filter out allergens and other particles before they enter the lungs. When adenoids become enlarged, they can cause difficulty breathing, snoring and other issues.
If you have any of these symptoms, it’s important to talk to your doctor. Imaging tests and a nasopharyngoscopy can help diagnose any underlying issues. Treatment options include medication and, in some cases, surgery.
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